The Fujita Scale for Tornado Damage

Note: The U.S. National Weather Service has updated the Fujita Scale of tornado intensity to a new Enhanced Fujita Scale. The new Enhanced Fujita Scale continues to use F0-F5 ratings (shown below) but is based on a additional calculations of wind and damage. It was implemented in the United States on February 1, 2007. Tetsuya Theodore Ted Fujita (1920-1998) is famous for developing the Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale, a scale used to measure the strength of a tornado based on the damage it produces. Fujita was born in Japan and studied the damage caused by the atomic bomb in Hiroshima. He developed his scale in 1971 while working as a meteorologist with the University of Chicago. The Fujita Scale (also known as the F-Scale) typically consists of six ratings from F0 to F5, with damage rated as light to incredible. Sometimes, an F6 category, the inconceivable tornado is included in the scale. Since the Fujita Scale is based on damage and not really wind speed or pressure, it is not perfect. The primary problem is that a tornado can only be measured in the Fujita Scale after it has occurred. Secondly, the tornado can not be measured if there is no damage when the tornado occurs in an area without any features to be damaged. Nonetheless, the Fujita Scale has proven to be a reliable measurement of the strength of a tornado. Tornado damage needs to be examined by experts in order to assign a Fujita Scale rating to the tornado. Sometimes tornado damage appears worse than it actually is and sometimes, the media may overemphasize certain aspects of the damage tornadoes can cause. For example, straw can be driven into telephone poles at speeds as low as 50 mph. The Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale F0 - Gale With winds of less than 73 miles per hour (116 kph), F0 tornadoes are called gale tornadoes and cause some damage to chimneys, damage sign boards, and break branches off of trees and topple shallow-rooted trees. F1 - Moderate With winds from 73 to 112 mph (117-180 kph), F1 tornadoes are called moderate tornadoes. They peel surfaces off of roofs, push mobile homes off of their foundations or even overturn them, and push cars off of the road. F0 and F1 tornadoes are considered weak; 74% of all measured tornadoes from 1950 to 1994 are weak. F2 - Significant With winds from 113-157 mph (181-253 kph), F2 tornadoes are called significant tornadoes and cause considerable damage. They can tear the roofs off of light frame houses, demolish mobile homes, overturn railroad boxcars, uproot or snap large trees, lift cars off the ground, and turn light objects into missiles. F3 - Severe With winds from 158-206 mph (254-332 kph), F3 tornadoes are called severe tornadoes. They can tear the roofs and walls off of well-constructed houses, uproot the trees in a forest, overturn entire trains, and can throw cars. F2 and F3 tornadoes are considered strong and account for 25% of all tornadoes measured from 1950 to 1994. F4 - Devastating With winds from 207-260 mph (333-416 kph), F4 tornadoes are called devastating tornadoes. They level well-constructed houses, blow structures with weak foundations some distances, and turn large objects into missiles. F5 - Incredible With winds from 261-318 mph (417-509 kph), F5 tornadoes are called incredible tornadoes. They lift and blow strong houses, debark trees, cause car-sized objects to fly through the air, and cause incredible damage and phenomena to occur. F4 and F5 tornadoes are called violent and account for a mere 1% of all tornadoes measured from 1950 to 1994. Very few F5 tornadoes occur. F6 - Inconceivable With winds above 318 mph (509 kph), F6 tornadoes are considered inconceivable tornadoes. No F6 has ever been recorded and the wind speeds are very unlikely. It would be difficult to measure such a tornado as there would be no objects left to study. Some continue to measure tornadoes up to F12 and Mach 1 (the speed of sound) at 761.5 mph (1218.4 kph) but again, this a hypothetical modification of the Fujita Scale.

Types And Types Of Diabetes - 1293 Words

Many families have been affected by the disease I have chosen to research. Starting with my Great Grandmother and Grand Parents have to test their glucose level couple times a day. Diabetes which is also called diabetes mellitus deals with how the body processes the sugar in the blood. We are going to be talking about the most common types of diabetes; Type 2, Type 1, Prediabetes and Gestational diabetes. We will be discussing Type 2 and Type 1 diabetes in this paper. Type 1 diabetes is due to the body not producing enough insulin (Type 1 Diabetes). Type 1 is also called juvenile diabetes. Most juveniles and young adults are diagnosed with Type 1. When eating sugars and starches your body breaks it down into glucose and then it is used†¦show more content†¦If it is low or normal reading it is important to eat fruits or small type of carbohydrate before working out. If doing a stress exercise routine it could cause the glucose levels to run high due to a higher amount of hormones being discharged (Exercise and Type 1 Diabetes). Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. With this form of diabetes your body does not know how to properly use insulin, also known as insulin resistance (Type 2 Diabetes). The pancreas supplies your body with insulin and begins to make extra insulin to make up what your body needs. As time passes the pancreas is no longer able to do its job and keep the glucose levels normal (Type 2 Diabetes). There are options to help and control the glucose levels within a normal range such as; lifestyle changes in food and activities, and medication. Type 1 and Type2 diabetes have the same requirements when it comes to monitoring glucose levels, daily exercise and watching what foods are eaten. Type 2 diabetes will require a stricter guideline to follow when it comes to the daily diet. The blood sugar levels have to be checked before every meal and insulin given depending on the glucose reading. This also helps with deciding what you can and cannot eat to help maintain a healthy glucose level. Your body stays at the Hyperglycemia levels more with Type 2 diabetes. This wears the body down quickly. Instead of glucose going into the cells it builds up in the blood system and causes more issuesShow MoreRelatedTypes And Types Of Diabetes Essay1653 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic disease that is present around the world. Type 2 diabetes is generally chaacterised by decrease in B cell mass function and decrease in the sensitivity of insulin in the peripheral tissues. Beta cell dysfunctioning decrease the release of amylin and insulin in response to increased blood glucose levels and this is thought to be affected by misfolded amylin proteins where the cytotoxicity from amylin oligomers affects the function of isletRead MoreTypes And Types Of Diabetes927 Words   |  4 Pagesglucose to all parts of our bodies for us to use as energy. â€Å"Type one and Type two diabetes mellitus are two separate and distinct pathophysiological entities.† Lippincott, 2010 page 286 .There are two main types of Diabetes. The third type is gestational diabetes. The first type is Diabetes type one. â€Å"Type one (formerly known as type one; insulin–dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or juvenile diabetes.)† Lippincott, 2012 page1294 Type one cannot be prevented. There are only treatment options onRead MoreTypes And Types Of Diabetes1464 Words   |  6 Pages Each year 1.7 million people are diagnosed with diabetes. With type 1 diabetes the body does not produce insulin, and only 5% of people with diabetes have this form. Although type 1 diabetes is a very serious disease, it can be managed with proper diet, medical care, and aggressive treatment. There are several different causes of Type 1 Diabetes. According to resources, they say the exact cause in Type 1 diabetes is unknown. Possibly that is the immune system which fights bad bacteria or virusesRead MoreTypes And Types Of Diabetes1939 Words   |  8 Pages Type 1 Diabetes Matthew Hernandez Grand Canyon University: BIO-483 December 4, 2013 Type 1 Diabetes In todays society people who are diagnosed with diabetes are either directly or indirectly dealing with the situation day by day. Although there are two different types of diabetes, type 1 diabetes is more fatal to the human body in comparison with type 2. In 2009 there were approximately 18,436 youths that were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes according toRead MoreTypes And Types Of Diabetes2146 Words   |  9 Pages Diabetes is a disease where the body is unable to create or use enough insulin to maintain a healthy blood glucose level. Insulin is a hormone that allows glucose to enter cells and be converted into energy. If diabetes is left uncontrolled, glucose and fats will remain in the blood and, over time, can damage vital organs, including the heart, kidneys, and eyes (CDC, 2011). There are several types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes accounts for about 10% of all cases. It is usually diagnosed inRead MoreTypes And Types Of Diabetes2239 Words   |  9 Pages1. Type 1 vs. Type 2 †¢ Type 1 diabetes cannot be prevented, symptoms usually start at a young age, and episodes of low blood sugar are common. In addition to this, when a person has type 1 diabetes, their body destroys the cells that release insulin, so the cells in the body cannot absorb the sugar they need for energy. Type 1 diabetes is most common in Caucasian people. †¢ Type 2 diabetes can be prevented with a healthy lifestyle, episodes of low blood sugar are rare, and the person may not haveRead MoreTypes And Types Of Diabetes Essay1796 Words   |  8 PagesTypes of Diabetes Type 1 diabetes: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas leading to insulin deficiency. Type 2 diabetes : Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance which may be combined with relatively reduced insulin secretion. The defective responsiveness of body tissues to insulin is believed to involve the insulin receptor. Gestational diabetes: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)Read MoreTypes Of Type II Diabetes1308 Words   |  6 PagesType II Diabetes Numerous individuals in today’s society are unaware that they might be living with an unknown disease. One of the most serious diseases and most common illness amongst people, and in most cases usually gets misconstrued in our country is, type II diabetes. Statistics show in 2012, 29.1 million Americans, or 9.3% of the population, had diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2011). Then again, it is due to countless individuals being noninsulin-dependent and it starts with adultRead MoreTypes Of Type II Diabetes3066 Words   |  13 PagesType II Diabetes is a disease that is mostly manageable, despite the recent surge in diagnoses. Type II diabetes is generally a controllable and preventable condition, but in the case of extreme obesity, is difficult to manage. The connection between extreme obesity and the inevitable insulin resistance of the body is widely known throughout the population. The problem is real and it is thoroughly documented by research institutions a round the world. Type II Diabetes develops when insulin secretionRead MoreTypes And Types Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1496 Words   |  6 PagesType 2 diabetes mellitus comprises of a collection of various dysfunctions that are characterized by presence of hyperglycemia as well as being occasioned from the combination of insulin action resistance, inappropriate or excessive secretion of glucagon, and insufficient secretion of insulin. With Type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body is either resistant to the effects of insulin, which is a hormone that is responsible for regulation of the movement of sugar into the body cells, or the body does not

Marketing Analysis Essay Example For Students

Marketing Analysis Essay STRATEGIES REJECTEDSea Goddess Cruises, Limited (SGC) is obviously not accomplishing what it needs to financially to obtain a fair share of the market. There are a number of current strategies that will be reconsidered and rejected. SegmentationThe first of these strategies that will be rejected deals with segmentation. Sea Goddess Cruises has not adequately considered enough segments in the market, which has been a major contributor to the lack of market share. SGC should eliminate all plans for monosegmenting. As stated in earlier reports, the segment that SGC is trying to target (i.e. lawyers, doctors, CEOs, etc.) is not large enough to make consistent profit. SGC must look at some other segments to a greater variety of passengers, which may then lead to increased market share and revenue. We have found that the current segment is far too narrow and complex. SGC may want to try and market more to the upper-middle class or middle class portion of the population. In addition to this rejected strategy, it is important that SGC does not oversegment in their efforts to improve the company. Oversegmentation is extremely expensive and a majority of segments do not have the financial abilities it takes to enjoy a Sea Goddess cruise. Also, the current facilities are very limited, considering SGC only employs to ships. AdvertisingA second strategy that has been rejected is one concerned with the consumer awareness of SGC. Currently, SGC is only advertising to travel agencies. Coupled with segmentation, SGCs current advertising strategy has hurt SGC in the sense that consumer awareness is considerably low. Only a small portion of the population even knows that Sea Goddess exists. SGC is only targeting those who travel frequently. They may want to target the portion of the population that wants to travel, but is unsure of where to go or what to do. In order for SGC to reach the consumer, new efforts must be made in the advertising plan. Mere travel agency recommendations are not going to be enough to keep SGC alive in the marketplace. Other vehicles are going to be necessary to spread SGCs message about the luxuries and benefits of this extraordinary cruise. At the present time, only a small number of all travel agencies have the sufficient knowledge that it takes to make an informative sell to the c onsumer. It may be profitable for SGC to employ some high-quality television commercials on appropriate channels, such as the Travel Network. These commercials would enable the consumer to see, first hand, what the cruise is and what it looks like. Ideally, the consumer could view a SGC television commercial and, upon thinking about it, could then go to a travel agent to get more information such as destination, price, etc. Ultimately, it would lead to a very well informed purchase. Market StrategiesA third strategy that has been rejected is branching out into the family market. A potential strategy was going to be one that aimed to make SGC a family experience, also. Currently, all but two rooms aboard the Sea Goddess I and II, respectively, are doubles. It would be possible for a family package with a two-room package, but this could also be very unattractive to potential passengers. A majority of Sea Goddess passengers board the ship to get away from their hectic day-to-day lives. We could see children as detracting from the privacy and elegance of the boat. This is a key issue because Sea Goddess prides itself on customer intimacy and privacy, and encouraging families to cruise with Sea Goddess may compromise this. Repeat business could decrease if families start to be the dominant demographic on the cruises. Another potential market that could hurt SGC profit is the singles market. It would be a waste of company dollars to target singles because SGCs facili ties are too limited and not conducive to supporting the singles cruise. Unless a passenger comes aboard with a friend, some kind of a roommate matching service would have to be set up. This would require much more work, including direct mail questionnaires, increased sales associates, etc. Secondly, it is not feasible to think that singles would pay this much money to cruise on a ship that only holds 119 other guests. A package had also been discussed to fit into the spring break period for college and high school students, but was rejected for a number of reasons. Due to the expense of a Sea Goddess cruise, it is reasonable to assume that a majority of college and high school students would have the financial capabilities to go on the cruise. Also, traditional Spring Break activities have included going to such locales as Cancun, Florida, etc. It would be extremely tough for any cruise line, much less Sea Goddess, to tap into this market. Thirdly, college and high school students have been known to be a little more disorderly than traditional Sea Goddess passengers, which may make the ships subject to damage. This damage could be a serious set back if the ships have to be temporarily shut down. Lastly, providing a Spring Break promotion could possibly damage the reputation of Sea Goddess Cruises. If wealthy, potential passengers see this cruise as a Spring Break cruise; it could compromise the luxury and lavishness of the cruise. .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .postImageUrl , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:hover , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:visited , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:active { border:0!important; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:active , .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25 .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9d63535146ec96ea6105c192303fcd25:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: tragmac Free: Tragic Irony in Shakespeare's EssayThe End of AutonomyCurrently, Sea Goddess Cruises is alone in a business sense. They are not associated or affiliated with any larger cruise lines. It may be lucrative or profitable for Sea Goddess to lose this autonomy. SGC should attempt to merge with a larger company, such as Carnival. A larger company might want to adopt SGC as a smaller, little sister type of company. This could boost customer awareness greatly. For example, if a couple is looking to take an expensive, private cruise, they may look to Carnival. Carnival Cruise Lines or the travel agent may view Sea Goddess as more fitting for this couple. They could rec ommend to the couple they might be more suited for a Sea Goddess cruise. The relationship could be reciprocal, because Sea Goddess or a travel agent could, in return, refer a family of six to a Carnival cruise. They could also cooperate together in advertising schemes. As you can see, Sea Goddess needs to undergo some major changes. These changes could help lead to a more positive business image. The strategies that have been rejected in this report will help lead SGC to increased profits and customer awareness.

MBA Sample Essay Section - Influential Person

I met Erika two years ago. Erika grew up in a provincial Mexican town called Leon. According to the regions conservative customs, women are expected to marry and serve their husbands. Practically all women there accept their fate; Erika is one notable exception. Rebelling against the constraints imposed on women, she risked social rejection by persuading her parents to let her study engineering in Mexico City. She hoped to influence peoples lives and become a well-rounded individual.At that time, there were only two women studying engineering at the university. Professors didnt expect a woman to become a good engineer and didnt dedicate much time to her, so she had to put in twice the effort to obtain the same grades as her male classmates. She graduated with honors and decided to join PG, where I met her. Very soon, her strong business vision and leadership skills earned her a fast Brand Manager promotion. However, she felt that PG was not giving her all the skills needed to help pe ople, so she enrolled in a London MBA program.When she returned to PG, she was promoted to Director. She had been planning to start a non-profit organization to help illiterate women when her mother was struck with cancer. Without a moments hesitation, she left her promising career to achieve her goal in life: helping others. She now spends half of each day taking care of her mom and the other half teaching illiterate women.Erika has had a deep influence on me. What I most admire about her is her strong belief that we have the responsibility to help others become better persons. She lives according to this credo, which she has used as a guideline since she was very young. She has shown me the importance of a attaining a balanced life and contributing to society while accumulating practical skills. Most recently, she has encouraged me to obtain an MBA, because it gave her the skills needed to complete her development and help others.